Category: Unix/Linux

Understand correct locations of  files under the FHS. Find files and commands on a linux system. Know the location and purpose of files and important files and directories as defined in the FHS. Commands : find, locate, updated, whereis, which, type Understand Correct locations of files under FHS The File System Hierarchy Standard(FHS) specifies guidelines… Continue reading 104.7 Find System Files and Place files in correct location

Create links Identify hard and soft links. Copying versus linking files. Use links to support system administration tasks. Commands : ln, ls The link(ln) command creates a link to a file, which point a file in different directory. Hard Links File data can have more than one name in the different location in the same… Continue reading 104.6 Create and Change hard-symbolic links

Manage access permissions on regular and special files as well as directories. Use Access Modes such as SUID, SGID and the Sticky Bit to maintain Security Know How to change the file creation mask Use the group filed to grant access to group members Commands : chmod, umask, chown, chgrp Permissions can be set at… Continue reading 104.5 Manage file permissions and ownership

Commands : quota, edquoata, repquota, quotation Setup Disk quota for the filesystem Disk quotas enables set storage limits for and individual user. Quota limits can be added to the /etc/fstab file A ‘soft limit’ can be exceeded to for the duration of grace period. The soft limit is enforced as a ‘hard limit’ once the… Continue reading 104.4 Manage Disk Quotas

Manually mount and un-mount filesystems The mount and umount commads attach and detach filesystems to a mountpoint directory Mount checks for filesystem entries Filesystems can be mounted using a label Configure file system mounting on bootup The /etc/fstab cile contains information about filesystem use by the mount command. Filesystem maintenance also includes updating ‘fstab’ file… Continue reading 104.3 Control mounting and un-mounting of Filesystem

Verify the integrity of the filesystems Verify free space and inodes Repair simple filesystem problems Commands: du, df , fsck, e2fsck, mke2fs , debugfs, dumpe2fs, tune2fs, xfs_metadump, xfs_info Filesystems may become corrupted due to misuse, power loss, or other issues. The ‘fsck’ utility is primary usest to check and repair filesystem integrity. Separate fsck commands… Continue reading 104.2 Maintain integrity of Filesystem

LX-103 – 104 104.1 Create Partitions and Filesystems Manage MBR partitions table Use various mkfs commands to create various filesystems such as, ext2 / ext3 / ext4 XFS VFAT Awareness of ReiserFS and Btrfs Basic knowledge of ‘gdisk’ and ‘parted’ with GPT Commands : fdisk, gdisk, parted, mkfs, mkswap Manage MBR Partitions Table Storage devices… Continue reading Linux + Devices, Filesystems, Filesystems Hierarchy Standard