- Verify the integrity of the filesystems
- Verify free space and inodes
- Repair simple filesystem problems
Commands: du, df , fsck, e2fsck, mke2fs , debugfs, dumpe2fs, tune2fs, xfs_metadump, xfs_info
Filesystems may become corrupted due to misuse, power loss, or other issues.
The ‘fsck’ utility is primary usest to check and repair filesystem integrity.
- Separate fsck commands exist for each filesystem type
- Xfs_repair
- May be run at boot, depending on configuration in /etc/fstab
- Filesystems usually are unmounted
- Fsck -y /dev/sdc1
- Fsck -A
- The ‘tune2fs’ utility is used to adjust ext filesystems
- Tune2fs -l /dev/sdb1
-p Automatic repair (no questions)
-n Make no changes to the filesystem
-y Assume “yes” to all questions
-c Check for bad blocks and add them to the badblock list
-f Force checking even if filesystem is marked clean
-v Be verbose
-b superblock Use alternative superblock
-B blocksize Force blocksize when looking for superblock
-j external_journal Set location of the external journal
-l bad_blocks_file Add to badblocks list
-L bad_blocks_file Set badblocks list
-z undo_file Create an undo file
To view filesystems of devices
df -Th
The disk usage (du) command shows storage stats for files and directories
- du -a /usr
- du -inodes /usr
- du -h /sbin/* | sort -n
- -h Digs deeper into directories
- du -s /sbin/*
The disk free (df) command shows filesytems information
- df -a
- df -h
- Size – appropriate size
- df -H
- size multiplies by 1000(aka marketing size)
- df -i
- Inodes described
- df -t ext2
- df -T
Show me the largest file underneath this directory
du -ah ~/Downloads/* | sort -n